🌺Explanation Text🌺
Hellow everyone, back again on my blog. this time I will discuss the explanation text. let's read and see the explanation from me. Happy reading.
Definition of Explanation Text
In this section we will discuss the meaning of Explanation Text. What is meant by Explanation Text ? What is meant by Explanation Text is a text that is used to explain the way (process) something happens, especially those related to natural phenomena, the scientific world or socio-culture. The goal is to tell the reader or listener how something happened. An explanation text usually comes from the author's question regarding 'why' and 'how' regarding an existing phenomenon.
Purpose of Explanation Text
The purpose of the Explanation Text is to explain the processes that occur in the formation of something or activity related to natural, social, scientific, cultural, and other phenomena that aim to explain why and how it happened.
Explanation Text Characteristics
Explanation text has the following characteristics:
- Using the Simple Present Tense
The use of simple present tense is because the explanation text contains the facts of an incident or action.
- Using Passive Voice
In the explanation text there must be a sentence passive voice. Why? because this text aims to explain an event or action (object) rather than its subject.
- Using Chronological Connectors
Almost all texts use chronological connectors. Examples of chronological connectors: First, Second, After that. Next, Then, Finally, etc.
- Using Nouns, Pronouns, and Action Verbs
Explanation text is the same as any other text which consists of various nouns, pronouns (subject pronoun, object pronoun, possessive pronoun), action verbs.
Types of Explanation Text
The following are types of explanation text:
- Sequential Explanation
- Factorial Explanation
- Theoretical Explanations
- Causal Explanation
Causal Explanation is the nature of explanation that progressively explains the origin or cause of changes in a problem. For example, the landslide process.
Generic Structure Explanation Text
- A general statement
- A sequenced of explanation
It is an explanation of why and how it happened. In this section the writer can write more than one paragraph. A sequenced of explanation contains an explanation of the process why this phenomenon can occur or be created. A squenced of explanation in the form of answers to the author's 'why' and 'how' questions when making an Explanation text. In squenced of explanation it may consist of more than one paragraph.
- Closing
Linguistic Rules of Explanation Text
Explanation text explains scientifically the process and causes of a phenomenon by using standard universal languages. The explanation of information in the explanatory text is easy for general readers to understand or is not limited to certain circles. Therefore, the writing and use of words in the explanatory text must be in accordance with PUEBI. The following are the characteristics of the explanatory text language rules.
- Copula
This word is used to explain the definition of words, terms, or concepts related to a phenomenon. For example, in the sentence Indonesia is an archipelago country.
- Active verb
This word is often used as part of a series of explanations, because it aims to explain causes and processes, so that the subject (phenomenon) acts as the goal of a particular action or event.
- Conjunction
The conjunctions used explain the causal relationship and the chronological relationship in the occurrence of a phenomenon. For example, if, if, so, before, first, and then.
- Adverb of time
This word is used to describe the time when a phenomenon occurs.
- Scientific term
Context-appropriate scientific terms are often used to clarify the definition, cause and effect relationship, or the chronology of a phenomenon.
- Noun pronouns
The subject described uses a noun (nonperson), such as that, this, and that. The explanatory text also only focuses on general things, such as earthquakes, floods.
Example of Explanation Text and Generic Structure
Example 1 :
How a Tsunami Happens?
A General Statement
We all know that tsunamis are a series of destructive waves and powerful. Tsunami is the deadliest wave because the wave speed is incredibly fast. But do you know how a tsunami can happens?
A Sequenced of Explanation
Tsunami originated from Japan, "tsu" meaning harbor and "nami" meaning wave. They are normally caused by landslides, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions in, or close to an ocean. After some sort of underwater disturbance, this causes energy to rise up to sea level pushing the water high into the air. Gravity kicks in and pulls it down again and then consequently causing the water to filter out into many different directions.
When a tsunami begins to approach the shore the energy in the wave is compressed. As a result, the water is pushed up into the wave, resulting in a powerful tsunami. If the trough hits the shoreline first, it then causes the tide to drastically retreat.
Closing
So, tsunamis happen because of natural disasters such as earthquakes or volcanic eruptions. People who live near the shoreline have to be careful because they are threatened by tsunamis whenever there is an earthquake.
Linguistic rules example Explanatory text how a tsunami happens?
The linguistic rules consist of:
1. There is a copula, which is the word used to describe the word. In this text an example of a Tsunami is a series of powerful and destructive waves.
2. Using active verbs
3. There are conjunctions, for example in the text, namely if, so, as a result, etc.
4. There is a scientific term, for example in the text that is it explains the meaning of Tsunami.
5. This text focuses on a general issue, namely the Tsunami.
6. Using the chronological connector, for example in the text there is the word first.
7. Using simple present tense and passive voice
To be clearer for part 1, please see the video below
To better understand it, I have practice questions from my teacher from the module. namely the practice D & E (page 11-15). Let's do it📔📔
📝📝Practise D:
Answer these questions below based on the text given correctly.
Tsunami Tsunami occurs when major fault under the ocean floor suddenly slips. The displaced rock pushes water above it like a giant paddle, producing powerful water waves at the ocean surface. The ocean waves spread out from the vicinity of the earthquake source and move across the ocean until they reach the coastline, where their height increases as they reach the continental shelf, the part of the earth crust that slopes, or rises, from the ocean floor up to the land. A tsunami washes ashore with often disastrous effects such as severe flooding, loss of lives due to drowning and damage to property. A tsunami is a very large sea wave that is generated by a disturbance along the ocean floor. This disturbance can be an earthquake, a landslide, or a volcanic eruption. A tsunami is undetectable far out in the ocean, but once it reaches shallow water, this fast traveling wave grows very large.
Practice & Answer:
1. Tsunami happens because major fault under the ocean floor suddenly slips
2. What are the impacts of tsunami ? The impacts of Tsunami are disastrous effects such as severe flooding, loss of lives due to drowning, and damage to property.
3. Mention the disturbance of tsunami! The disturbance of tsunami is that the ocean waves spread out from the vicinity of the earthquake source and move across the ocean until they reach the coastline, where their height increases as they reach the continental shelf, the part of the earth crust that slopes, or rises, from the ocean floor up to the land.
4. From second paragraph we know that tsunami makes unfortunate event
5. The text mostly tells us about how and why tsunami happens.
Choose the best option A, B, C , D or E !
Teks Eksplanasi 1:
Recycling is a collection, processing, and reuse of materials that would otherwise be thrown away. Materials ranging from precious metals to broken glass, from old newspapers to plastic spoons, can be recycled. The recycling process reclaims the original material and uses it in new products. In general, using recycled materials to make new products costs less and requires less energy than using new materials. Recycling can also reduce pollution, either by reducing the demand for high-pollution alternatives or by minimizing the amount of pollution produced during the manufacturing process. Paper products that can be recycled include cardboard containers, wrapping paper, and office paper. The most commonly recycled paper product is newsprint. In newspaper recycling, old newspapers are collected and searched for contaminants such as plastic bags and aluminum foil. The paper goes to a processing plant where it is mixed with hot water and turned into pulp in a machine that works much like a big kitchen blender. The pulp is screened and filtered to remove smaller contaminants. The pulp then goes to a large vat where the ink separates from the paper fibers and fl oats to the surface. The ink is skimmed off, dried and reused as ink or burned as boiler fuel. The cleaned pulp is mixed with new wood fibers to be made into paper again. Experts estimate the average office worker generates about 5 kg of wastepaper per month. Every ton of paper that is recycled saves about 1.4 cu m ( about 50 cu ft ) of landfill space. One ton of recycled paper saves 17 pulpwood trees ( trees used to produce paper ).
1. The following things can be recycled, EXCEPT….
A. Precious metals
B. Broken glass
C. Old newspapers
D. Plastic spoons
E. Fresh vegetables and fruits
2. Which of the following is NOT the benefit of recycling?
A. It costs much money for the process of recycling
B. It costs less to make new products
C. It requires less energy
D. It can reduce pollution
E. It reduces the demand for high-pollution alternatives
3. What is the third step of recycling paper products?
A. Collect and search for contaminants such as plastic bags and aluminium foil
B. Mix the paper with hot water in a blender which turns it into pulp
C. Screen and filter the pulp to remove smaller contaminants
D. Put the pulp to a large vat to separate the ink from the paper fibres
E. Mix the pulp with new wood fibres to be made into paper again
4. We can make use of the ink after being separated from the paper fibres by doing the followings, EXCEPT….
A. Skim it off
B. Dry it
C. Reuse as ink
D. Burn as boiler fuel
E. Mix it with the pulp
Teks Eksplanasi 2
Human body is made up of countless millions of cells. Food is needed to built up new cells and replace the worn out cells. However, the food that we take must be changed into substances that can be carried in the blood to the places where they are needed. This process is called digestion. The first digestive process takes place in the mouth. The food we eat is broken up into small pieces by the action of teeth, mixed with saliva, a juice secreted by glands in the mouth. Saliva contains digestive juice which moisten the food, so it can be swallowed easily. From the mouth, food passes through the esophagus (the food passage) into the stomach. Here, the food is mixed with the juices secreted by the cells in the stomach for several hours. Then the food enters the small intestine. All the time the muscular walls of the intestine are squeezing, mixing and moving the food onwards. In a few hours, the food changes into acids. These are soon absorbed by the villi (microscopic branch projections from the intestine walls) and passed into the bloodstream.
5. What is the text about?
A. The digestive system
B. The digestive juice
C. The method of the digestive system
D. The process of intestine work
E. The food substances
6. How can we swallow the food easily?
A. The food changes into acids absorbed by the villi.
B. The food must be digested first through the process.
C. The food is directly swallowed through esophagus into the stomach.
D. The food is mixed with the juices secreted by the cells in the stomach.
E. The food we take must be changed into substances carried in the blood to the places.
7. From the text above, we imply that ….
A. a good process of digestive system will help our body becoming healthier.
B. no one concerned with the process of digestive system for their health.
C. the digestive system is needed if we are eating the food instantly.
D. every body must conduct the processes of digestive system well.
E. the better we digest the food we eat, the healthier we will be.
8. Human body is made up of countless millions of cells. (Paragraph 1) The phrase made up means ….
A. Produced
B. Managed
C. Arranged
D. Completed
E. Constructed
Teks Eksplanasi 3
Have you ever wondered how people get chocolate from? In this article we’ll enter the amazing world of chocolate so you can understand exactly what you’re eating. Chocolate starts with a tree called the cacao tree. This tree grows in equatorial regions, especially in places such as South America, Africa, and Indonesia. The cacao tree produces a fruit about the size of a small pine apple. Inside the fruit are the tree’s seeds, also known as cocoa beans. The beans are fermented for about a week, dried in the sun and then shipped to the chocolate maker. The chocolate maker starts by roasting the beans to bring out the flavour. Different beans from different places have different qualities and flavor, so they are often sorted and blended to produce a distinctive mix. Next, the roasted beans are winnowed. Winnowing removes the meat nib of the cacao bean from its shell. Then, the nibs are blended. The blended nibs are ground to make it a liquid. The liquid is called chocolate liquor. It tastes bitter. All seeds contain some amount of fat, and cacao beans are not different. However, cacao beans are half fat, which is why the ground nibs form liquid. It’s pure bitter chocolate.
9. The text is about ….
A. the cacao tree
B. the cacao beans
C. the raw chocolate
D. the making of chocolate
E. the flavour of chocolate
10. The third paragraph focuses on ….
A. the process of producing chocolate
B. how to produce the cocoa flavour
C. where chocolate comes from
D. the chocolate liquor
E. the cacao fruit
11. …so they are often sorted and blended to produce … (Paragraph 3.) The word sorted has the closest meaning to ….
A. Arranged
B. Combined
C. Separated
D. Distributed
E. Organized
12. How does the chocolate maker start to make chocolate?
A. By fermenting the beans.
B. By roasting the beans
C. By blending the beans.
D. By sorting the beans.
E. By drying the beans
Teks Eksplanasi 4
What is photosynthesis? Photosynthesis is a food-making process that occurs in green plants. It is the chief function of leaves. The word photosynthesis means putting together with light. Green plants use energy from light to combine carbon dioxide and water to make sugar and other chemical compounds. How is the light used in photosynthesis? The light used in photosynthesis is absorbed by a green pigment called chlorophyll. Each food-making cell in a plant leaf contains chlorophyll in small bodies called chloroplasts. In chloroplast, light energy causes water drawn form the soil to split into hydrogen and oxygen. What are the steps of photosynthesis process? Let me tell you the process of photosynthesis, in a series of complicated steps, the hydrogen combines with carbon dioxide from the air, forming a simple sugar. Oxygen from the water molecules is given off in the process. From sugar together with nitrogen, sulphur, and phosporus from the soil-green plants can make starch, fat, protein, vitamins, and other complex compounds essential for life. Photosynthesis provides the chemical energy that is needed to produced these compounds.
13. What step after the hydrogen combines with carbon dioxide from the air …
A. Photosynthesis provides the chemical energy that is needed to produced these compounds.
B. Water drawn form the soil to split into hydrogen and oxygen.
C. Food-making process that occurs in green plants.
D. Phosporus from the soil-green plants can make starch, fat, protein, vitamins, and other complex compounds essential for life.
E. Oxygen from the water molecules is given off in the process.
14. What are photosynthesis need ….
A. Water, light, oxygen, worm
B. Soil, chlorophyll, sun, human
C. Bug, air, oxigen, food
D. Light, Carbon dioxide, humus
E. Candle, vitamins, hydrogen
15. What the product of photosynthesis ….
A. Sugar
B. Food and O2
C. Root
D. Food
E. Branch
🌷🌷Part 2
Hello everyone, continue to part 2 explanation text. In part 2, we will discuss the use of passive sentences in the tense in the explanation text along with writing the explanation of explanation text in my blog. let's see😊😊
🌳Changes of pronouns from active voice to passive voice
- Identify the subject, the verb and the object : SVO
- Change the object into subject.
- Put the suitable helping verb or auxiliary verb. In case the helping verb is given, use the same verb but note that the helping verb is given, use the same verb but note that helping verb given agrees with the object.
- Change the verb into the past participle form
- Add the preposition “By”
- Change the subject into object.
Example
Active Voice
| Passive Voice |
The teacher is going to explain the lesson.
| The lesson is going to be explained by the teacher |
She closed the door
| The door was closed by her |
🌳🌳Forming Passive Voice
🌳🌳An annotated explanation text
🌺🌺Write the explanation of an explanation text in my blog
Video about explanation text : Rainbow
The video explains How Rainbow Is Happen? the explanation text of the video, namely:
How Rainbow Is Happen?
A General Statement :
Rainbow often appears after the rain stops. Rainbow consists of a big bow spectrum and happens from water droplets which reflacted paralel because of the light of the sun. When the sun is shining and the light passing through water droplets, we can see a reflaction because of a wide variety of colors. The light passes and reflact like a light passing through a prism mirror.
A Sequenced of Explanation :
Rainbow happen to begin when the sunlight passing through the raindrops. The light is deflected to the center of the droplets. The white light is separated from each other into a spectrum of colors. The colors that have been separated, then separate again into very small portions. There is more light separated from each other in the droplets. Finally those colors form a light curve called rainbow.
Closing :
On the ground, we only see a maximum of a half circle rainbow. Because rainbow created involving distance with water droplets, the rainbow always move to follow the movement of anyone who seen it. It makes our distance with rainbow constant, in other word we could never approach the rainbow.
To be clearer for part 2, please see the video below
To better understand it, I have practice questions from my teacher from the module. namely the practice D & E (page 20-21). Let's do it📔📔
📝📝Practise D:
Choose the right passive voice form!
1. Mommy cleans the room every day.
A. The room was clean by mommy every day
B. The room is clean by mommy every day
C. The room is cleaned by mommy every day
D.
Mommy is cleaned the room every day
E. The room was being cleaned by mommy every
day
2. My uncle fixed the toy yesterday. The
passive voice of the sentence is ….
A. My uncle was fixed the toy yesterday
B. The toy was fixed by my uncle yesterday
C. The toy was fix by my uncle yesterday
D. My uncle was being fixed the toy yesterday
E. The toy had been fixed by my uncle
yesterday
3. Joe has taken a Mandarin course.
A. Joe has been taken a Mandarin course
B. A Mandarin course taken by Joe
C. A Mandarin course has been taken by Joe
D. Mandarin courses have taken by Joe
E. Mandarin course will be taken by Joe
4. In the 1920’s, this TV ….
A. is manufactured
B. was manufactured
C. will be manufactured
D. is going to manufactured
E. would manufacture
5. She … to my wedding party.
A. are invited
B. have been invited
C. has been invited
D. invited
E. has invited
6. Her first novel … tomorrow morning.
A. is launched
B. was launched
C. will be launched
D. has launched
E. have launched
📝📝Practise E:
1. Give the generic structure of the text below by giving the name for every paragraph in boxes given
|
Generic Structure |
Explanation Text |
|
General Statement |
Biodiesel
is a clean burning substitute for petroleum based diesel fuel. Biodiesel is
made of vegetable oil
|
|
Sequenced Explanation |
To
make or manufacture Biodiesel, you must first start with raw materials. The
raw materials needed in the production of Biodiesel are a small amount of
methanol and a ready supply of vegetable product. One of the most common
vegetables used in the production of Biodiesel is corn, although depending on
the geographic location of the manufacturing facility many other plants are
used as well (rapeseed, soybeans, flaxseed, etc.). The first step is to use
the raw vegetable product to make vegetable oil. Vegetable oil by itself will
not be what you need to power a car, from here it has to be processed into
Biodiesel.
|
|
Sequenced Explanation |
The
process for converting vegetable oil into Biodiesel is sometimes called ester
interchange. To complete this process the vegetable oil has to be combined
with a smaller amount of methanol and then put in the presence of a small
quantity of an alkaline catalyst (for example, 5% to 1% sodium hydroxide).
Vegetable oil is made up of so-called triglycerides, which is a compound of
the trivalent alcohol glycerin with three fatty acids. The goal of ester
interchange is to separate the glycerin molecule from the three fatty acids
and replace it with three methanol molecules.
|
|
Closing |
This
process then yields roughly 90% Biodiesel and 10% of a glycerin byproduct.
The glycerin byproduct can be used in a number of other chemical processes
for different industries.
|
2. Write an explanation text telling about how rainbow is formed. Don't forget to make a draft and include passive voices in your text.
How Rainbow is Formed
🌻🌻A general statement
Rainbow is one of optic phenomena that
happens in the atmosphere of the earth naturally. We can see it at mountin
range, or when it is cloudy, or when it is raining and rising of
sun. We have to be the other side for looking. We just can see it a
half of circle form, but acctually the rainbow is a circle form. We can see it
perfectly, if it is seen by standing in the high place. It is real that rainbow
is a circle form not like parabola form.
🌻🌻Sequenced explanation
On the ground, we can not see perfectly,
except if we are in the high place like in the air plane or standing on top
of moutain. When we are looking at rainbow’s colors, we will see them
that ordered of red is on the highest order, and purple is on the
lowest order.
Red is more dominant than another color caused
by having biggest wave between others. Therefore the red one is in the highest
order and purple one is in lowest order. How rainbow is formed? Try
to watch it when light of sun concerns a 90-degree angle mirror or a glass
prism side, or surface of soap foam. We can see colors on the light. The
light is rayyed to be some wave lenght of light that it is seen by our
eyes as red, bright red, yellow, green, blue and purple. These colors are
compnents of light that they are called visible light. The other component is
invisible light such as infrared (red is in the right side), and ultraviolet
(bright red is in the left side).
🌻🌻Conclusion
So, we can see the beautiful rainbow because
there are some processes to be beautiful rainbow that it appears in the sky.
This is my video about explanation text
That’s all the explanation from my blog. Hopefully it can be understood and get benefits for readers. That’s all and thank you. 😊😊💚💚💓💓
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